{"id":4187,"date":"2023-05-10T10:15:04","date_gmt":"2023-05-10T03:15:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/khcn185.vnua.edu.vn\/?p=4187"},"modified":"2023-05-11T14:22:27","modified_gmt":"2023-05-11T07:22:27","slug":"nghien-cuu-quy-trinh-nhan-giong-va-trong-mot-so-giong-sen-mini-phuc-vu-nhu-cau-choi-sen-canh-tai-viet-nam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/khcn185.vnua.edu.vn\/?p=4187","title":{"rendered":"Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quy tr\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1..."},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u00e2y sen l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y th\u1ee7y sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, sen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0ng qu\u00ea trong c\u00e1c ao, h\u1ed3, \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t ngay c\u1ea3 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u0169ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1eadp s\u00e2u m\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00e2y sen c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m c\u1ea3nh, l\u00e0m th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 l\u00e0m thu\u1ed1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y sen \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Ngo\u00e0i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf, c\u00e2y sen c\u00f2n mang l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tinh th\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7n nay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau sen ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tham v\u1ecdng l\u1edbn, h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0a c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7m sen v\u00e0o nh\u00e0, h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1eafm sen m\u1ecdi l\u00fac m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i, trong ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1ch, trong ph\u00f2ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, n\u01a1i c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 hay b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian n\u00e0o. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng gi\u1ed1ng sen mini c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng ch\u1eadu v\u1ea1i, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i b\u00e1t, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i c\u1ed1c v\u00e0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc hoa v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng phong ph\u00fa.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u1eb1m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a 30 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng sen mini thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i, b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u1eed RAPD v\u00e0 ISSR, th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 xu\u1ed1ng gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m 1 s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Qua k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00e2n, l\u00e1 v\u00e0 r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng sen cho th\u1ea5y, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc r\u1ec5 non; h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng l\u00e1 m\u1edbi; b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean l\u00e1; b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e1; ki\u1ec3u l\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 sai kh\u00e1c gi\u1eefa 30 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng sen nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Qua \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh di truy\u1ec1n cao c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng sen khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0: k\u00edch c\u1ee1 c\u00e2y, m\u00e0u l\u00e1 non, m\u00e0u l\u00e1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 gai tr\u00ean cu\u1ed1ng l\u00e1 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa 30 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng sen.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i n\u1ee5 v\u00e0 hoa c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng sen<\/strong><\/p>\n<table id=\"undefined\" class=\"imgEditor\" border=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"imgtelerik aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/file.vnua.edu.vn\/data\/0\/images\/2023\/05\/10\/host\/s1.png?w=680\" alt=\"\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>H\u00ecnh 1. H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc n\u1ee5 hoa c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng sen mini<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Qua \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u00fat ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e2y, l\u00e1 v\u00e0 hoa r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i si\u00eau mini d\u00f9ng ch\u01a1i ch\u1eadu nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<table id=\"undefined\" class=\"imgEditor\" border=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"imgtelerik alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/file.vnua.edu.vn\/data\/0\/images\/2023\/05\/10\/host\/s2.png?w=680\" alt=\"\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>H\u00ecnh 2. M\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng sen tr\u1eafng si\u00eau mini (S28)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n b\u1edfi&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb RAPD<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u1eeb h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng di truy\u1ec1n gi\u1eefa 30 gi\u1ed1ng sen ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n c\u1ee5m UPGMA trong ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m NTSYSpc 2.1 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 di truy\u1ec1n gi\u1eefa 30 gi\u1ed1ng sen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb RAPD (H\u00ecnh 3).<\/p>\n<table id=\"undefined\" class=\"imgEditor\" border=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"imgtelerik aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/file.vnua.edu.vn\/data\/0\/images\/2023\/05\/10\/host\/s3.png?w=680\" alt=\"\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>H\u00ecnh 3.&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a 30 gi\u1ed1ng sen<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1edfi ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb RAPD<\/strong><strong>.&nbsp;<\/strong>T\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng di truy\u1ec1n trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 0,76 (v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e9t \u0111\u1ee9t), 30 gi\u1ed1ng sen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh 5 nh\u00f3m (t\u1eeb I \u0111\u1ebfn V)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean h\u00ecnh 3 cho th\u1ea5y: T\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng di truy\u1ec1n trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 0,76 (76%), 30 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng sen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh 5 nh\u00f3m ch\u00ednh. Trong khi nh\u00f3m I c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 20 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng th\u00ec c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m II ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 4 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng, nh\u00f3m III c\u00f3 3 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng nh\u00f3m IV c\u00f3 1 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m V c\u00f3 2 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 di truy\u1ec1n, v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 th\u00ec m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng S20 l\u00e0 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch di truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 xa nh\u1ea5t so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 hai m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 di truy\u1ec1n g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 S_30 v\u00e0 S_27.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a 30 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng sen v\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ISSR<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng di truy\u1ec1n gi\u1eefa 30 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng sen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng ISSR dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 0,76 \u0111\u1ebfn 0,97. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n nh\u00f3m b\u1edfi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p UPGMA cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 di truy\u1ec1n gi\u1eefa 30 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng sen l\u00e0 kh\u00e1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. \u1ede m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 0,83 (v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e9t \u0111\u1ee9t), 30 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng sen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh 6 nh\u00f3m (t\u1eeb I \u0111\u1ebfn VI). Nh\u00f3m I c\u00f3 22 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng, nh\u00f3m II c\u00f3 1 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng, nh\u00f3m III c\u00f3 1 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng, nh\u00f3m IV c\u00f3 4 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng, nh\u00f3m V c\u00f3 1 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng&nbsp; v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m VI c\u00f3 1 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng (H\u00ecnh 4).<\/p>\n<table id=\"undefined\" class=\"imgEditor\" border=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"imgtelerik\" src=\"https:\/\/file.vnua.edu.vn\/data\/0\/images\/2023\/05\/10\/host\/s4.png?w=680\" alt=\"\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>H\u00ecnh 4.&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a 30 gi\u1ed1ng sen<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1edfi ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ISSR<\/strong><strong>.&nbsp;<\/strong>T\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng di truy\u1ec1n trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 0,83 (v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e9t \u0111\u1ee9t), 30 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng sen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh 6 nh\u00f3m (t\u1eeb I \u0111\u1ebfn VI)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 xu\u1ed1ng gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a sen mini v\u1edbi tr\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng h\u1ea1t n\u00ean ng\u00e2m h\u1ea1t, gieo h\u1ea1t v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 2 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u01a1i hoa v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6-7, tr\u1ed3ng ng\u00f3 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 4-5 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u01a1i hoa v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6-7. V\u1edbi ba lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u cho th\u1ea5y ph\u00e2n NPK 16-16-16 cho t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00f4ng sinh h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>Ban Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00e2y sen l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y th\u1ee7y sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, sen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0ng qu\u00ea trong c\u00e1c ao, h\u1ed3, \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t ngay c\u1ea3 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4229,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4187","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - 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