{"id":4414,"date":"2026-05-07T14:21:45","date_gmt":"2026-05-07T07:21:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/khcn185.vnua.edu.vn\/?p=4414"},"modified":"2026-05-07T14:21:46","modified_gmt":"2026-05-07T07:21:46","slug":"nghien-cuu-da-dang-di-truyen-dua-tren-dac-diem-hinh-thai-va-chat-luong-cua-cac-giong-buoi-do-citrus-maxima-j-burm-merr-thu-thap-tai-mien-bac-viet-nam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/khcn185.vnua.edu.vn\/?p=4414","title":{"rendered":"Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m..."},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 22\/04\/2026, t\u1ea1i Trung t\u00e2m N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1 – H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam, H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nghi\u1ec7m thu th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea5p H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n\u00a0\u201c<\/strong>\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng b\u01b0\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecf thu\u1ed9c mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d<\/strong>, m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 T2025-14-56.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean 16 m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng b\u01b0\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecf thu th\u1eadp t\u1eeb 4 t\u1ec9nh (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd, Thanh H\u00f3a), bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 B\u01b0\u1edfi Lu\u1eadn V\u0103n (Thanh H\u00f3a), B\u01b0\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecf M\u00ea Linh (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i), B\u01b0\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecf Thanh H\u1ed3ng (H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ngu\u1ed3n gen nh\u1eadp n\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y: Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u00e1 c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng b\u01b0\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecf dao \u0111\u1ed9ng 7,4\u201313,4 cm, chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng 4,3\u20138,3 cm; k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc eo l\u00e1 c\u0169ng bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean r\u00f5 (d\u00e0i 1,4\u20133,8 cm, r\u1ed9ng 1,3\u20133,4 cm), cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u1ec9nh l\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh 4 d\u1ea1ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec9nh tr\u00f2n chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 cao nh\u1ea5t (43,75%). Phi\u1ebfn l\u00e1 g\u1ed3m hai d\u1ea1ng elip v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n tr\u00f2n (m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i 50%), v\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng g\u1ea7n tr\u00f2n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m \u0111\u1ec9nh tr\u00f2n. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 m\u00e9p l\u00e1 kh\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t (\u0111\u1ec1u xanh, m\u00e9p nguy\u00ean h\u01a1i l\u01b0\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng), n\u00ean \u00edt c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i hoa c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng b\u01b0\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecf c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i cu\u1ed1ng hoa (1,3\u20132,67 cm), c\u00e1nh hoa (2,37\u20133,03 cm) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh hoa (2,70\u20133,60 cm) thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 c\u00e1nh hoa \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf m\u1ee9c 4 c\u00e1nh. Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i nh\u1ee5y v\u00e0 nh\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhau (1,50\u20132,47 cm v\u00e0 1,50\u20132,40 cm), s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 nh\u1ecb cao nh\u1ea5t \u1edf M7. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t ph\u1ea5n h\u1eefu d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1t 100%, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m h\u1ea1t ph\u1ea5n t\u1eeb 80\u2013100%, cho th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0H\u00ecnh 1. H\u00ecnh th\u00e1i l\u00e1 v\u00e0 hoa c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng b\u01b0\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecf thu th\u1eadp<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

C\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng b\u01b0\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecf c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4 (7,16\u201312,18%), \u0111\u1ed9 Brix (5,10\u201311,30%), h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 (4,24\u20138,98%) v\u00e0 vitamin C (38,36\u201388,68 mg\/100 g). Trong \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eabu nh\u01b0 M12, M13, M10 v\u00e0 M5 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0103n t\u01b0\u01a1i nh\u1edd h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 Brix cao, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng axit th\u1ea5p, t\u1ea1o v\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt h\u00e0i h\u00f2a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0H\u00ecnh 2. H\u00ecnh th\u00e1i qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng b\u01b0\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecf thu th\u1eadp<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch PCA: S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Biplot PCA cho th\u1ea5y hai tr\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh Dim1 (43,9%) v\u00e0 Dim2 (29,8%) gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 73,7% bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh t\u1ed1t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng. Tr\u1ee5c Dim1 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 Brix, ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1, trong khi Dim2 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp gi\u1eefa t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi vitamin C. C\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng 5, 10, 11, 13 n\u1eb1m theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Dim1 v\u00e0 li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3, trong khi c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng xa g\u1ed1c t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9 (8, 3, 12, 4) th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t.\u00a0<\/strong>C\u00f2n h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng axit v\u00e0 vitamin C c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch. Tr\u00ean Dim2, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc t\u00e9p c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0H\u00ecnh\u00a03. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Biplot PCA gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng b\u01b0\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

V\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean 22 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ISSR cho th\u1ea5y: trung b\u00ecnh 9,5 b\u0103ng\/m\u1ed3i, trong \u0111\u00f3 7,77 b\u0103ng \u0111a h\u00ecnh, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111a h\u00ecnh 80,2%, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1 cao. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea1t 100% \u0111a h\u00ecnh, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 PIC dao \u0111\u1ed9ng 0,12\u20130,40 (trung b\u00ecnh 0,25), c\u00e1c m\u1ed3i ISSR s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n b\u01b0\u1edfi.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu b\u01b0\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecf cho th\u1ea5y \u1edf m\u1ee9c 0,64 \u2013 0,87, \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng 0,67 c\u00e1c m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng b\u01b0\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecf thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh hai nh\u00f3m:<\/p>\n

Nh\u00f3m 1 g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c m\u1eabu gi\u1ed1ng: M12, M8, M9, M11, M14, M3, M4, M13.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00f3m 2 g\u1ed3m: M5, M15, M7, M2, M6, M1, M10, M16<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
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\u00a0H\u00ecnh 4. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a 16 gi\u1ed1ng b\u01b0\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u1eed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7m thu \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n cao, cung c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n gen b\u01b0\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecf, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng b\u01b0\u1edfi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eabu c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cao v\u00e0 \u00edt h\u1ea1t l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng cho lai t\u1ea1o n\u00e2ng cao gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/p>\n

Trung t\u00e2m N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ban Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y 22\/04\/2026, t\u1ea1i Trung t\u00e2m N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1 – H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam, H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nghi\u1ec7m thu th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea5p H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n \u201c\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng b\u01b0\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecf thu\u1ed9c mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d, m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 T2025-14-56.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4415,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[197,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4414","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-thong-bao","category-tin-tuc"],"yoast_head":"\nNghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng b\u01b0\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecf [Citrus maxima (J.Burm.) Merr.] thu th\u1eadp t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam - Ng\u00e0y Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam 18\/5<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/khcn185.vnua.edu.vn\/?p=4414\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng b\u01b0\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecf [Citrus maxima (J.Burm.) 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